At the end of 2009 we have witnessed the successful restart of the LHC, with first proton-proton collisions registered by the experiments. With the upcoming run at the unprecedented centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV, we are entering a new and exiting era of particle physics. In this talk I will give an overview of the main physics goals and discuss some of the planned analyses, such as tests of Quantum Chromodynamics at the highest energies, and searches for the Higgs boson and other new physics signals.